UNIT 4: PAKISTAN AND NATIONAL PRIDE

               GREAT VISIONARIES

                                    CRITICAL SUMMARY

QUAID-E-AZAM:

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the most dynamic personality of south Asia. His message of “Unity, Faith and Discipline” and his determination and steadfastness lead us on the path of progress and prosperity.

He was the top barrister of Bombay. The creation of Pakistan is his great achievement. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the only leader in British India who was popular among Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs, Christians, and Persian Gokhale and famous Hindu poetess Sarojini Naidu called him the best Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity.

He was very clear about one thing that Pakistan would be a state where the Muslims would be free to practice the teachings of their faith and to prosper economically.

Quaid-e-Azam was a strong proponent of Hindu-Muslim Unity and an active member of Indian National Congress. He very soon sensed that Indian National Congress was leading the Hindus of sub-continent toward Hindu-Muslim polarization. Therefore, he decided to leave the Congress and join Muslim League and pleaded the case of separate homeland for Muslims and succeeded in getting Pakistan.

Quaid-e-Azam envisioned Pakistan, as a nation state and ensuring equal rights for all citizens of Pakistan. He also wanted Pakistan to be state where justice and merit prevailed. He wanted the people of Pakistan to be united and work together to make this new country, an exemplary state. We should therefore try and do the things he wanted us to do and not merely praised he did.

ALLAMA IQBAL:

Allama Iqbal was a great poet.  He was a professor of Arabic at Oriental College Lahore. He after doing his M.A in 1899. In 1905,  he went to London to study Law and became barrister. In 1908, he awarded a Ph.D. degree by  the Munich University in Germany for his work on Persian Philosophy.

Allama Iqbal also took an active part in politics. He was elected as the member of the Punjab Legislative Council in 1926 till 1929. Then he was soon elected as President of Punjab branch of All India Muslim League till his death. 

Allama Iqbal delivered Allahabad address in 1930. It was on the historic occasion that he made a definite demand of a separate Muslim state in South Asia. He liked to see the Punjab, N.W.F.P, Sindh and Baluchistan unite under a single Muslim state.  On March 23, 1940, the Muslim League passed a resolution called as “Pakistan Resolution.” Demanding a separate homeland for the Muslims of South Asia.

Quaid-e-Azam praised the role of Allama Iqbal in a message of his death. Allama Iqbal had a great love for Islam; he always advised the Muslims to remain true to their faith, and to practice it in letter and spirit.

                          SIMPLE SHORT ANSWERED QUESTIONS 

Q #01: When and where was Quaid-e-Azam born? What do you about his early life?

Ans: Quaid-e-Azam was born on 25^th December 1876 in Karachi. He passed his matriculation from Sindh Madarsatul Islam Karachi. Later he was sent England for the study of Law. He was a great barrister at Bombay. On returning to  homeland he started practicing in Karachi and Bombay.

Q  #02: When  did Quaid-e-Azam joined All India Muslim League and when did he become its president?

Ans: Quaid-e-Azam joined All India Muslim League in 1913 and he was became its president in 1934.

 Q #03: Why 14^th August 1947 considered to be important day for us?

Ans: On 14^th August 1947, Pakistan came into existence on the map of world. Because of this reason this day has great importance. Every year it is celebrated with great excitement and joy.

Q #04: What did Quaid-e-Azam say about religious freedom in Pakistan? OR

            What was Quaid-e-Azam’s vision about the different communities?

Ans: Quaid-e-Azam always believed in the  equality  of all Pakistanis. He always thought that religion and caste do not separate one Pakistani from another. He once told that, “You are free to go to your temples, and you are free to go to your mosques or any place of worship”.

Q #05: What did Quaid-e-Azam say about religious freedom in Pakistan?

Ans: Quaid-e-Azam had great love for the Muslims of the sub-continent. He worked hard day and night and succeeded in the creation of Pakistan. For this service the Muslims of sub-continent called him Quaid-e-Azam.

Q #06: When did  quaid-e-Azam die? And why  will Quaid-e-Azam be remembered?

Ans: Quaid-e-Azam was died on 11^th Sept 1948. He will always be remembered because he gave us an independent, prosperous, and peaceful platform, free from any slavery. His hard efforts always be remembered.

Q #07: Why Quaid-e-Azam was called an Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity?

Ans: Quaid-e-Azam wanted to bring Hindus and Muslims together and closer. He was the only leader in British India, who was popular among Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs, Christians, and Paresis. Famous Hindu poet Sarojini Naidu called him The Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity.

Q #08: What do you about the life and academic background of Allama Iqbal?

Ans: Allama Iqbal was born in Sialkot,  town of Punjab, on 9^th of November 1877. He received his early education at his home town and Government College, Lahore. He passed his M.A examinations from the University of Punjab and later on he received a Law degree from London. He was also awarded the Ph.D. degree in philosophy from Munich University.

Q #09: Why Allama Iqbal wanted a separate state for the Muslims of India?

Ans: He said that Islam made the Muslims of sub-continent one nation which is separate from Hindus. He had a deep commitment with Islamic Ideology, that’s why he demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India.

Q #10: When did Allama Iqbal demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India?

Ans: He presided over Allahabad address of All India Muslim League in 1930. He demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India  in his presidential address. He considered them a single nation.

Q #11: Why Allama Iqbal is known as the “Poet of East”?

Ans: Allama Iqbal is considered as a famous poet. His poetry is based on Islamic philosophy and Ideologies and reflected the wishes and needs of Muslims of the Sub-continent. For this reason he is known as “The poet of east”.

Q #12:  What are the main points of Allama Iqbal’s Allahabad address?

Ans: Allama Iqbal focused on the following points in his Allahabad address:

·         India is the continent of different nations and religions, and principles of European democracy which cannot be applied here.

·         The Muslims are quite different from Hindus.

·         The Muslims of sub-continent must have a separate independent Muslim state that comprises of Muslims majority provinces.

Q #13: Who is Allama Iqbal and why he is famous?

Ans: Allama Iqbal was a great poet, philosopher and politician. He was famous for his poetry and services to the Muslims of South Asia. He was the first who first demanded a separate home land for Muslims.

Q #14: What do you know about the poetry and philosophy of Allama Iqbal?

Ans: He was not only a poet but also well versed in both eastern and western philosophy. He also pointed out the philosophical defects in eastern philosophy.

Q #15: What did Allama Iqbal says about Islam in his Allahabad address in 1930 ?

Ans: Allama Iqbal said that, faith in Islam made the Muslims of Sub-Continent one nation which is separate from Hindus. He believed that it is Islam  that saved the Muslims not the Muslims saved Islam. If Muslims will act according to the teachings of Islam, they will get their glory of greatness.

Q #16: When and where was Pakistan Resolution passed?

Ans: Pakistan Resolution was passed on 23 March 1940 in Lahore in the annual meeting of All India Muslim League. In this resolution the demand for the separate state for the Muslims was carried out by all the  members of All India Muslim League, Pakistan was  demanded openly.
  

  SOLUTIONS OF IMPORTANT EXERCISES FROM TEXT BOOK

Read the text and find out the names of the students who collected information on the following topics.

EXERCISE #03:

Read the text and find the following words and underline them.

   EXERCISE #05

(FOR EX #04 DO YOURSELF AND IF YOU CAN’T DO THEN LET ME KNOW BELOW IN COMMENTS)

Tick  the correct columns for the statements given  below:

EXERCISE #06 (FOR TABLES FOLLOW THE BOOK)

Following tables have quotes from the speeches of Quaid-e-Azam and Allama Iqbal. The  first part of each is given in table A and the second part of each is given  in table  B. Work in pairs and complete the quotes. Write the alphabets in the answer column in Table A.

COMPLETE QUOTATIONS (FOR BOTH TABLES FOLLOW BOOK)

1.      You are free; you are free to go to your temples. You are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this state of Pakistan.

2.      To me he was a friend, guide and philosopher and during the darkest movement through which the Muslim League had to go, he stood like a rock.

3.      The Muslim demand to create the Muslim India within India  is in no way without justice.

4.      At difficult moments in their history, It is Islam that has saved the Muslim, not Muslims saved the Islam.

5.      My guiding principles will be justice and complete impartiality.

6.      I am sure what with your support and cooperation; I can look forward to Pakistan becoming one of the greatest nations of the world.

7.       We are all citizens and equal citizens of one state.

EXERCISE #07:

Go back to exercise 6 and find out when and where these words spoken, after this write seven complete sentence in your notebook.

1.     1.  On August 1947, in the Constituted Assembly of Pakistan, Quaid-e-Azam said these words.

2.     2.  In 1938, death of Allama Iqbal, the Quaid-e-Azam said these words.

3.      3. In 1930, Allahabad address, Allama Iqbal said these words.

4.      4. In 1930, Allahabad address, Allama Iqbal said these words.

5.      5. On August 1947, in the Constituted Assembly of Pakistan, Quaid-e-Azam said these words.

6.    6.   On August 1947, in the Constituted Assembly of Pakistan, Quaid-e-Azam said these words.

7.     7.  On August 1947, in the Constituted Assembly of Pakistan, Quaid-e-Azam said these words.

EXERCISE #08:

Work in pairs and orally discuss the reasons for the following statements. After you have discussed the reasons, rewrite the following statements in your notebook by stating the reasons.

1.  1.    Jinnah’s achievement is unparalleled in recent history, because unlike the most other leaders, who only freed their countries from foreign rules, has not only got freedom but also managed to create a new state for the Muslims.

2.   2.    The Quaid was greatly respected by the people of all the faiths due to his tolerance and acceptance of all faiths.

3.     3.  Quaid-e-Azam left the Indian National Congress, because he very soon sensed that the Indian National Congress was leading the Hindus of the Sub-Continent toward Hindu-Muslim Polarization.

4.   4.    Despite strong opposition by the British and the Hindus, Quaid-e-Azam was succeed in creating Pakistan, because he very intelligently pleaded the  case of separate homeland for the Muslims and succeed in getting Pakistan.

5.     5.  Allama Iqbal could point out some of the defects in the philosophical systems of the west, because this versatile person continued his quest for the knowledge in various fields and in 1908, he was awarded a Ph.D. degree by the Munich University, in Germany for his work on Persian Philosophy.

6.   6.   Dr. Iqbal did not seek re-election to the Punjab Legislative Council, because by then, he had become deeply involved with the Muslim League activities.

7.   7.    One of the  Iqbal’s biggest political contributions in his Allahabad address, because first time ever in the history, any Muslim leader made a definite demand for the creation of separate state of their own.

8.      8. Allama Iqbal wanted the Muslims to put their  faith in Islam because in this way they will become strong and united once again and save yourself from complete destruction.

EXERCISE #09:

Make mind-maps on the following aspects of both these personalities.

QUAID-E-AZAM

Qualities as a  Person:

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the most dynamic personality of south Asia. His message of “Unity, Faith and Discipline” and his determination and steadfastness lead us on the path of progress and prosperity. He was the top barrister of Bombay. Moreover he, had a great tolerance and acceptance of all faiths.

Vision for Pakistan:

According to him, in this state of Pakistan there is no discriminations no distinctions between one community and another. His guiding principles were justice and complete impartiality.

What should we do to make Pakistan great?

We should try and do the things Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah wanted us to do and not merely praise he did. On every independence day, we should think of what we  need to do to take Pakistan forward on the way to peace and prosperity.

ALLAMA IQBAL

Academic Achievements:

Allama Iqbal was a great poet.  He was a professor of Arabic at Oriental College Lahore. He after doing his M.A in 1899. In 1905,  he went to London to study Law and became barrister. In 1908, he awarded a Ph.D. degree by the Munich University in Germany for his work on Persian Philosophy.

Dream about Pakistan:

Allama Iqbal’s great contribution was made by him in 1930’s Allahabad address where he made demand for the separate state for the Muslims of South Asia. He dreamed to see, Punjab, N.W.F.P, Sindh, Baluchistan unite under a single Muslim state.

Advice to the Muslims:

Allama Iqbal had a great love for Islam; he always advised the Muslims to remain true to their faith and to practice it letter and spirit. In his Allahabad address he said, “I have learnt one lesson from the history of Muslims. At the difficult moments in their history it is Islam that saved the Muslims not Muslims saved the Islam”.

LANGUAGE PRACTICE:

EXERCISE #02:

Work in pairs and complete the following news report using the correct form of passive voice using the verbs given in brackets. Write the correct news report in your notebook.

The northern part of the country was hit by a massive earth quake this morning. The entire infrastructure was damaged very badly. The roads were broken. The telephone lines were destroyed, and the mobile services were disrupted. The people were scared as many after socks were expected. Food, water, and medical aid were rushed to the area. An appeal was made by the government asking the people not to panic. Work was done by the army to enable the reaching of aid to the remote areas.  Funds were released by the government to  help people in this hour of grief was made.

EXERCISE #03:

THIS IS THE COMPLETE REPOTRT THAT SAMINA SAID TO POLICE WHEN THEY ASKED FOR THE DETAILS:

A new servant was hired by me. She was asked to submit a copy of identity card. A copy was given by her. I was given someone else’s card to me by her. Unfortunately, the details were not checked by me.

After few days, I was asked by the servant for the loan. The loan was refused by me. The following week, I was told a sad story by my servant and again I was asked for some money. The servant was told not to come to work from next day.  When I went to my room, after a couple of hours, it was found in a mess, with all the things on the floor. The cupboards were emptied by her. All the money and the jewelry were taken by her. 

EXERCISE #04:

A.    A.  Fill the blanks by using prefixes‘re’ with the appropriate given words.

1.      The government is trying to reclaim land from the sea in Karachi.

2.      The company had to reprint book three times.

3.      I advised my friend to reapply for the teaching position in our school.

4.      My father likes to retell his childhood stories to his grandchildren.

5.      Saira and Khalida decided to rearrange the furniture in our room.

6.      The teacher told the class to redo the exercise.

B.   B.     Fill in the blanks by adding the prefix ‘mis’ with the appropriate given  words.

1.      When children misbehave they are often punish by their parents.

2.      My brothers always misplace their mobile phones.

3.      There is mismatch between there income and expenditure.

4.      Many people misunderstand their leader’s message.

5.      It is not right mistreat servants.

C.    C.   Fill in the blanks by adding the prefix ‘inter’ with the appropriate given  words.

1.      The intercity service is good in many countries.

2.      There is more international travel than about fifty years ago.

3.      For success in any work good interpersonal skills are needed.

4.      The equality of good and their price are interdependent.

5.      Interfaith understanding is very important  for peace in the world.

PARAPHRASING A POEM:

EXERCISE #01:

WRITING

EXERCISE #02:

Next paraphrase each couplet of the following famous poem of Allama Iqbal. This first one is paraphrased for you.

1.   1.    Oh Allah! I pray that my  life should be like a candle.

2.    2.   Through my light should the world’s darkness disappear and everyone’s place sparkle wishes my light.

3.     3.  Through me, my like a homeland become a garden.

4.   4.    I pray that just like my lamp of knowledge , may my life to be.

5.   5.    I pray that my life supports the poor and show me the  right path.

6.      6. Oh God! Perfect me from evil ways and show me the  right path.

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